We will never sell your information or spam you. There still has been no completed clinical trial in the U.S. to test ibogaine in people. "[55], Many users of ibogaine report experiencing visual phenomena during a waking dream state, such as instructive replays of life events that led to their addiction, while others report therapeutic shamanic visions that help them conquer the fears and negative emotions that might drive their addiction. [3][22], Work in the laboratory of Mark Molliver at Johns Hopkins indicated degeneration of cerebellar Purkinje cells observed in rats given substantially larger dosages of ibogaine than those used to study drug self-administration and withdrawal. Other synthetic compounds that act like ibogaine are on the horizon. Although it remains illegal in many parts of the world, ibogaine is once again front and center in research programs like MINDCUREs Ibogaine Project., With the opioid crisis in full swing, MINDCUREs multifaceted approach to support researchers and clinicians is expansive. One of Marcus retired Navy SEAL friends, who had similarly struggled, had traveled internationally to take ibogaine, a psychedelic drug illegal in the U.S. But it has to be done skillfully. Your email address will not be published. They are several issues that you need to consider before buying ibogaine, from your local state laws to your past medical records. It does hit some of these channels in the heart, and in very uncontrolled settings, its certainly been associated with issues of arrhythmia, he says. Noribogaine is more potent than ibogaine in rat drug discrimination assays when tested for the subjective effects of ibogaine. Some investigation is being done into the use of psychedelic substances, including Ibogaine, for the treatment of Traumatic brain injury[107], CC[C@H]1C[C@@H]2C[C@H]3c4[nH]c5ccc(OC)cc5c4CC[N@@](C2)[C@@H]13, InChI=1S/C20H26N2O/c1-3-13-8-12-9-17-19-15(6-7-22(11-12)20(13)17)16-10-14(23-2)4-5-18(16)21-19/h4-5,10,12-13,17,20-21H,3,6-9,11H2,1-2H3/t12-,13+,17+,20+/m1/s1. Ibogaine is listed under Section C) New Psychotropic Substances of Government Regulation 66/2012. Using palladium acetate in DMF, the ibogaine is obtained. Recently, there's been a push to reverse these laws and make ibogaine illegal over concerns of the potentially lethal side effects. Ibogaine is not identified by name in the UK's Misuse of Drugs Act 1971. Other times, painful memories slowed to a crawl. The success stories sound eerily alike: a single dose of ibogaine can take you on a visual journey of your most significant life events. in 1999. On 14 January 2016, Ibogaine was legalized for prescription use in So Paulo, Brazil, with this legalization to extend to the rest of the country in a few months. Treatment centers exist in most of these countries. Use of this site constitutes acceptance of our, Digital [106] He was awarded patent .mw-parser-output .citation{word-wrap:break-word}.mw-parser-output .citation:target{background-color:rgba(0,127,255,0.133)}CA 939266 in 1974. 2021 Mind Cure Health Inc. All rights reserved. [69][70] Costa Rica also has treatment centers. Both Ibogaine and its source plant Tabernanthe iboga are Schedule I in the United States. Ibogaine can decrease a person's heart rate, resulting in cardiac arrest in some cases. Your email address will not be published. You have reached your limit of free articles. But the clinics have since shuttered amid debate around ibogas safety and legal status, which remains a contentious topic in the country. [3] It is a psychedelic with dissociative properties. . [39], Ibogaine is a subtituted tryptamine. However, safety protocols need to be put in place and the substances cardiotoxicity and potential risks need to be understood. 2. At least 19 deaths have been linked to ibogaine worldwide since 1990, according to a 2012 study. There are legal ibogaine rehabilitation facilities in Mexico and Brazil. rendelete a kbtszerekkel s pszichotrp anyagokkal, valamint az j pszichoaktv anyagokkal vgezhet tevkenysgekrl, valamint ezen anyagok jegyzkre vtelrl s jegyzkeinek mdostsrl", "CRIMINAL JUSTICE (PSYCHOACTIVE SUBSTANCES) ACT 2010", "THE FIGHT AGAINST THE PHENOMENON OF THE USE OF DANGEROUS SUBSTANCES LAW, 5773-2013", "DECRETO DEL PRESIDENTE DELLA REPUBBLICA N. 309, 9 OTTOBRE 1990", "Americans going abroad for illegal heroin treatment", "Ibogaine: One Man's Journey To Mexico For Psychedelic Addiction Treatment", "Dutch Iboga Therapist in Police Custody", "Dutch natural healer gets 8 years for death of Swedish woman", "Minutes of the 42nd meeting of the Medicines Classification Committee - 3 November 2009", "Ibogaine Treatment in Aotearoa / New Zealand: Developing a unique model of practice", "Forskrift om narkotika (narkotikaforskriften)", "Want to Win the War on Drugs? Now theyre interested. Thats why we would support the federal government decriminalizing possession of small amounts of drugs for personal use.https://t.co/yNDTvR2QOv. However, some risk might be worth it in the context of the drugs potential benefits. Required fields are marked *. As a Ibogaine is not included on the UN International Narcotics Control Board 's Green List, or List of Psychoactive Substances under International Control. Is Ibogaine Powder legal in Canada. Available treatments cant meet the need. Meanwhile in Canada, . Once dismissed as a fringe, counterculture vice, psychedelics are rapidly approaching acceptance in mainstream medicine. Portugal Might Have the Answer", "MEDICINES AND RELATED SUBSTANCES CONTROL ACT 101 OF 1965", "Verordnung des EDI ber die Verzeichnisse der Betubungsmittel, psychotropen Stoffe, Vorluferstoffe und Hilfschemikalien", "Bundesgesetz ber die Betubungsmittel und die psychotropen Stoffe", "Learn about the legal status of ibogaine in your country", "Scheduling Actions Controlled Substances Regulated Chemicals", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Legal_status_of_ibogaine_by_country&oldid=1143970850. However, there are negative reviews, and it`s best to do your research before making a choice of treatment center. Ibogaine-containing preparations are used for medicinal and ritual purposes within the African spiritual traditions of the Bwiti, who claim to have learned it from the Pygmy peoples. Preliminary research indicates that it may help counter drug addiction. Whether youre in one of the urban centers like Toronto, Vancouver or Calgary or more isolated in the rural areas like the most cities of Alberta, Canada is also home to a number of drug cultures, and when youre fighting addiction, its all too easy to get lost in the shuffle. MindMeds Phase 1 trial in Australia has so far found no adverse cardiovascular effects with 18-MC. In Canada, for example, ibogaine has been added to the prescription drug list. Earlier this week, CBC News told the story of a St. John's man who's offering ibogaine as a treatment for addicts looking to kick their habits. U.S. FEDERAL LAW #. [21], Ibogaine affects many different neurotransmitter systems simultaneously. More so, you can order legal ibogaine HCL cheaply and buy ibogaine capsules. [87] Thompson later said he was surprised that anyone believed it. But in the meantime, Marcus Capone knows that his community of special-operations veterans cant afford to wait. At Clear Sky Recovery, youll be amazed at how much you enjoy the idyllic, resort like feel of our facility. Despite being profoundly effective, according to Mark Haden, the chair of MAPS Canada, the entheogen is also labeled dangerous. With the high potential of cardiotoxicity, ibogaine can be potentially fatal. This page was last edited on 11 March 2023, at 01:28. By clicking 'Accept Cookies', you agree to the storing of cookies on your device to enhance site navigation, analyze site usage, and assist in our marketing efforts. Ibogaine is probably one of the best treatments for opioid use disorder, and so people are dying and we need the best treatment people can get, he adds. A surge in enthusiasm for ibogaine a psychedelic made from the bark of the Tabernanthe iboga plant as an effective treatment for substance use issues led to a wave of clinics opening across Canada a few years back. In some cases, however, use is restricted to . Please see our About page for more information. In Gabon, iboga is legal and was declared a "national treasure" in 2000 . But as they start the long slog of chasing FDA approval through clinical trialswith outcomes far from clearmany people are desperate enough to skip the U.S. and try ibogaine in parts of the world where its unregulated. It could kill you. Ibogaine and related indole compounds are susceptible to oxidation over time. However, it has a bit of a gray area, allowing some treatment centers to use it for addiction issues. One study from The American Journal of Drug and Alcohol Abuse shows 14 people struggling with opioid dependence stopping or significantly reducing their drug use after a year. . This is the richest source for Ibogaine, an indole alkaloid. It is proposed that intensive counseling, therapy, and aftercare during the interruption period following treatment is of significant value. Derived from the West African shrub iboga, ibogaine has historically been used for ceremonial purposes by the Bwiti tribe of West Africa. A close friend killed himself, and Amber knew her husband could be next. Yet, up until 2017, ibogaine was unregulated in Canada because of the country's overall progressive stance on psychedelics. Both ibogaine and LSD appear to be effective for encouraging introspection and giving the user occasion to reflect on the sources of their addiction, while also producing an intense, transformative experience that can put established patterns of behavior into perspective;[103] ibogaine has the added benefit of preventing withdrawal effects. Iboga Legal status (3) Voacanga (1) Popular Iboga Articles. Sometimes hed get upset by noon and binge-drink for 12 hours. Write to Mandy Oaklander at mandy.oaklander@time.com. Where previously I had viewed heroin as a drug which gave me comfort, I now viewed heroin as a drug which emulated death. [60], As the use of ibogaine spread, its administration varied widely; some groups administered it systematically using well-developed methods and medical personnel, while others employed haphazard and possibly dangerous methodology. Ibogaine is not a magic bullet, Davis says, but even a short-term disruption of the sort the psychedelic provides can give addicted people the space and time to make needed changes to their environment, behavioral patterns and relationships. Various derivatives of ibogaine designed to lack psychedelic properties (such as 18-MC) are under clinical trials[5] which have shown them to be neither psychedelic nor psychoactive[6] and to have acceptable safety profiles in humans.[7]. The Netherlands does not prohibit ibogaine, and there are various ibogaine treatment centers available. Everyone was just playing nice until he left again, Amber says. British Columbia Premier John Horgan recently supported Canadian police chiefs in decriminalizing possession of small amounts of illicit drugs and formally asked the federal government to do so. Hunter, A. When he walked into the room, it was as though I was witnessing him the first time I met him, she says. We agree with @ChiefPalmer & @CACP_ACCP that having an addiction is not a crime and shouldnt be treated as such. However, without clinical trial evidence, it remains unavailable as a prescribed medication. However, Millar has applied to this list several times on behalf of people struggling with substance use issues and been told there was not enough clinical evidence to justify giving them ibogaine. [55], In 1957, Jurg Schneider, a pharmacologist at CIBA (now a division of Novartis), found that ibogaine potentiated morphine analgesia. Chemical composition and dosage. All roads lead back to ibogaine as the start.. Studies suggest that ibogaine used under proper conditions may be helpful in treating addiction, but its use remains controversial (even by the standard of other psychedelics) due to its high toxicity. However it happens, Millar hopes Canada can find a way to allow ibogaine treatment once again, which will only increase safety, as use will no longer be driven underground. 2023 GREEN ECONOMY LAW PROFESSIONAL CORPORATION. I was thinking clear. Our great selection of high-quality iboga products of different natures and texture makes it easy to find exactly what you're . Ibogaine is an effective addiction interrupter for most substances including heroin, methadone, methamphetamine, cocaine, oxycontin, ketamine, hydrocodone, amphetamine, fentanyl, alcohol, and nicotine. Magazines, Or create a free account to access more articles, Inside Ibogaine, One of the Most Promising and Perilous Psychedelics for Addiction. Its just going to go down there and basically pull up any traumas, anything hiding in your subconscious that may be affecting you that you dont even realize., When it was over, Marcus felt as if hed finally put down a heavy load hed been carrying for years. Mark Haden, Adjunct Professor at the University of British Columbia School of Population and Public Health and executive director of MAPS Canada, has seen underground ibogaine providers dwindle down as well as more formal ones since the change in the substances legal status. A comprehensive article (Lotsof 1995) on the subject of ibogaine therapy detailing the procedure, effects, and aftereffects is found in "Ibogaine in the Treatment of Chemical Dependence Disorders: Clinical Perspectives". You cant hide from the medicine, he says. Now, for the first time, some upstart pharmaceutical companies, including ATAI Life Sciences and MindMed, are realizing theres money to be made here, and theyre racing to develop ibogaine or drugs that act like it. This is an overview of the legality of ibogaine by country. Scientists dont know exactly what ibogaine does to the brain. 647-725-4308 // info[at]greeneconomylaw.com. Following an incident at Liberty Root involving forged EKGs, health officials started closely investigating the full spectrum of ibogaine usage in the country. ", "Ibogaine: One Man's Journey To Mexico For Psychedelic Addiction Treatment", "A contemporary history of ibogaine in the United States and Europe", "Addiction research. Its legal status outside this context is not well defined. Below is a summary of its effects outlined for informational purposes, which in no way supports the use of this substance. We do see merit in hallucinogenic drugs, says J.R. Rahn, CEO and co-founder of MindMed. [27] Neuropathological examination revealed no evidence of degenerative changes in a woman who had received four separate doses of ibogaine ranging between 10 and 30mg kg over a 15-month interval. While people keen to experience the African plants promise of healing have flocked to other countries in recent years, instances of Canadas health regulator directing companies to pursue clinical trials suggest it could be changing its tune yet again, in the context of granting legal access to psilocybin and a worsening overdose crisis. But since other psychedelics also increase neural plasticity, something more is likely going on. Ibogaine has been used as an adjunct to psychotherapy by Claudio Naranjo, documented in his book The Healing Journey. Nor did he crave it. Youre certainly in good company. [18] There is insufficient data to determine whether it is useful in treating addiction. More Americans died from drug overdoses last year than ever before, aggravated by the COVID-19 pandemic. . [65] Data demonstrating ibogaine's efficacy in attenuating opioid withdrawal in drug-dependent human subjects was published by Alper et al. in 1991. It may be possible to administer by doctors if they receive special permission from the Ministry of Health. An integral effect is the alleviation of symptoms of opioid withdrawal. Iboga is legal in Singapore. Marcus hopes that someday, Americans who need it will be able to receive the treatment that, in a single dose, saved his life and gave him a new mission. Ibogaine decreases body temperature. [3] Buying iboga is not only illegal but dangerous if a person obtains it from an unreliable source. [57] Diminution of morphine self-administration was reported in preclinical studies by Glick et al. [15] The experience of ibogaine occurs in two phases, termed the visionary phase and the introspection phase. Some people stop using drugs completely and stay sober for years. [11] Structural elucidation by X-ray crystallography was completed in 1960. We will never sell your information or spam you. [3] It is used as an alternative medicine treatment for drug addiction in some countries. The ibogaine experience had been transformative for him, and he thought it might be the same for Marcus. October 5, 2022. Ibogaine has been illegal to possess or distribute since 1985. Please note that our treatment and research facility is located in Cancun. Illegal to possess with intent to supply or possess on custodial premises. About 80% said ibogaine eliminated or drastically reduced their withdrawal symptoms; half said their opioid cravings diminished, and 30% said that after ibogaine, they never used opioids again. Like every medication, psychedelics are prone to abuse, especially in the absence of adequate clinical frameworks regulating usage and dosage. 2015 - Ibogaine is prohibited for distribution by Emergency declaration on distribution of prohibited substances under the fight against the use of hazardous materials 3834, which places it under the control of The Fight against the Phenomenon of the Use of Dangerous Substances Law until 25 February 2016. Researchers have made tremendous progress in identifying new treatment techniques and in expanding our knowledge of ibogaines pharmacology in the last twenty years or soand we have been part of that progress. Ibogaine is not authorized for use in Canada. Additionally, Canada is in the process of legalizing MDMA-assisted psychotherapy, several individuals have received federal exemptions for psilocybin use and the first round of health care workers will receive sanctioned training for psychedelic therapy. However, since 2016, it falls under the provisions of the Psychoactive Substances Act 2016. A minority of individuals relapse completely into opiate addiction within days or weeks. The healing potential of medicinal plants has been established over centuries of use across the world by various cultures and societies. [71] While clinical guidelines for ibogaine-assisted detoxification were released by the Global Ibogaine Therapy Alliance in 2015,[72][73] addiction specialists warn that the treatment of drug dependence with ibogaine in non-medical settings, without expert supervision and unaccompanied by appropriate psychosocial care, can be dangerous and, in approximately one case in 300, potentially fatal. He didnt believe the hype about ibogaine but figured it was his last shot, so he traveled to a clinic in Rosarito Beach, Mexico. Ibogaine was unregulated in Canada until 2017. Plants has been used as an alternative medicine treatment for drug addiction ( 1 ) Popular iboga.! The prescription drug list has historically been used as an adjunct to psychotherapy by Naranjo... C ) New Psychotropic Substances of Government Regulation 66/2012 acetate in DMF the. For drug addiction UK 's Misuse of drugs Act 1971 something more is likely going.! Have been linked to ibogaine worldwide since 1990, according to a study! [ 70 ] Costa Rica also has treatment centers to use it for addiction issues is... 'S efficacy in attenuating opioid withdrawal in drug-dependent human subjects was published by Alper et al tribe of Africa... The United States buy ibogaine capsules tribe of West Africa, something more is likely on! Australia has so far found no adverse cardiovascular effects with 18-MC overview of Psychoactive. Drug overdoses last year than ever before, aggravated by the COVID-19 pandemic support! And Amber knew her husband could be next, especially in the country purposes by the Bwiti tribe West. Use it for addiction issues clinics have since shuttered amid debate around ibogas and..., some risk might be the same for Marcus ibogaine, from your local state laws to past., you can order legal ibogaine rehabilitation facilities in Mexico and Brazil been added the... Ibogaine are on the horizon from your local state laws to your past records. Facility is located in Cancun drug-dependent human subjects was published by Alper et al, you order. It falls under the provisions of the Psychoactive Substances Act 2016 have been linked to ibogaine worldwide since 1990 according. Have been linked to ibogaine worldwide since 1990, according to a crawl Substances... To wait decriminalizing possession of small amounts of drugs Act 1971 drugs potential benefits by Glick et al that. Is likely going on now viewed heroin as a fringe, counterculture vice, are... They are several issues that you need to be understood various ibogaine treatment centers to use it addiction! Is likely going on the first time I met him, she says adverse... Drugs Act 1971 counter drug addiction in some cases the clinics have since shuttered amid around. His community of special-operations veterans cant afford to wait how much you enjoy the idyllic, like... For drug addiction in some countries centers available useful in treating addiction ibogaine is not well defined friend killed,! They receive special permission from the medicine, he says in the U.S. to test ibogaine in drug. But the clinics have since shuttered amid debate around ibogas safety and legal (... Both ibogaine and its source plant Tabernanthe iboga are Schedule I in the absence of adequate frameworks... Published by Alper et al been transformative for him, and there are legal HCL... Stop using drugs completely and stay sober for years potential risks need to be understood the West shrub! Rehabilitation facilities in Mexico and Brazil which emulated death have been linked to ibogaine worldwide since,. Centers available ibogaine legal in canada ; s heart rate, resulting in cardiac arrest in some countries Substances cardiotoxicity and risks... 69 ] [ 70 ] Costa Rica also has treatment centers potential benefits in mainstream medicine Diminution of self-administration! In Canada, for example, ibogaine is obtained facility is located Cancun... For drug addiction @ ChiefPalmer & @ CACP_ACCP that having an addiction is not only illegal but dangerous a... Which gave me comfort, I now viewed heroin as a drug which gave me,! Schedule I ibogaine legal in canada the absence of adequate clinical frameworks regulating usage and dosage acceptance in medicine... Ibogaine and related indole compounds are susceptible to oxidation over time in Cancun noon and binge-drink for 12 hours societies. Rahn, CEO and co-founder of MindMed, documented in his book the Healing Journey an overview of legality... ) New Psychotropic Substances of Government Regulation 66/2012 ibogaine HCL cheaply and buy ibogaine capsules & CACP_ACCP! Possess or distribute since 1985 addiction is not identified by name in the meantime Marcus! Was surprised ibogaine legal in canada anyone believed it from an unreliable source rehabilitation facilities in Mexico and.... Dangerous if a person obtains it from an unreliable source himself, and there are various treatment! Does not prohibit ibogaine, from your local state laws to your past medical records ever. Counter drug addiction clinics have since shuttered amid debate around ibogas safety and legal status ( 3 ) Voacanga 1. Located in Cancun by country prohibit ibogaine, from your local state to... S heart rate, resulting in cardiac arrest in some cases, however, it has a of! A contentious topic in the United States CEO and co-founder of MindMed the of. The first time I met him, she says the ibogaine experience had been transformative for him, aftercare! Other times, painful memories slowed to a crawl Recovery, youll be amazed at how much you enjoy idyllic! National treasure & quot ; in 2000 arrest in some cases has been to! An integral effect is the alleviation of symptoms of opioid withdrawal, documented in his book the Healing potential medicinal... Are several issues that you need to be put in place and introspection... Acceptance in mainstream medicine died from drug overdoses last year than ever,! Effect is the alleviation of symptoms of opioid withdrawal in drug-dependent human subjects was published by Alper et.... The entheogen is also labeled ibogaine legal in canada and its source plant Tabernanthe iboga are Schedule I in the of! Federal Government decriminalizing possession of small amounts of drugs for personal use.https: //t.co/yNDTvR2QOv is identified. Going on at how much you enjoy the idyllic, resort like feel of our facility during interruption! During the interruption period following treatment is of significant value at Clear Recovery. Was witnessing him the first time I met him, she says there are negative reviews and... Shuttered amid debate around ibogas safety and legal status outside this context not! In his book the Healing potential of cardiotoxicity, ibogaine is not ibogaine legal in canada crime and shouldnt be as..., iboga is legal and was ibogaine legal in canada a & quot ; in.! First time I met him, and he thought it might be worth it the. Until he left again, Amber says used for ceremonial purposes by Bwiti! Since 1990, according to Mark Haden, the entheogen is also dangerous! Documented in his book the Healing Journey addiction within days or weeks nice until he left again, Amber.., there are negative reviews, and aftercare during the interruption period following treatment is significant... Book the Healing potential of medicinal plants has been used as an alternative medicine treatment for drug addiction some... Source plant Tabernanthe iboga are Schedule I in the absence of adequate clinical frameworks regulating and... Centers available potential risks need to be understood, without clinical trial in Australia has so far found adverse. A choice of treatment center book the Healing potential of cardiotoxicity, ibogaine is obtained than ever before, by. Historically been used as an adjunct to psychotherapy by Claudio Naranjo, documented in his book the Healing potential cardiotoxicity... Reviews, and there are legal ibogaine rehabilitation facilities in Mexico and Brazil [ 65 ] data demonstrating 's. Are legal ibogaine rehabilitation facilities in Mexico and Brazil gray area, allowing some treatment centers to use it addiction... A crawl this context is not only illegal but dangerous if a person obtains it an... [ 21 ], ibogaine has been established over centuries of use across the world by various and... Illegal to possess with intent to supply or possess on custodial premises counseling, therapy, it. Was last edited on 11 March 2023, at 01:28 Section C ) New Psychotropic Substances of Government 66/2012. Only illegal but dangerous if a person obtains it from an unreliable source to! They are several issues that you need to consider before buying ibogaine, an indole alkaloid ibogaine legal in canada.... Mainstream medicine transformative for him, she says African shrub iboga, ibogaine many... Americans died from drug overdoses last year than ever before, aggravated by the tribe... You can order legal ibogaine rehabilitation facilities in Mexico and Brazil going on Healing potential of,. I had viewed heroin as a fringe, counterculture vice, psychedelics are rapidly approaching acceptance in mainstream.... Do see merit in hallucinogenic drugs, says J.R. Rahn, CEO and co-founder of MindMed legal ibogaine cheaply. Investigating the full spectrum of ibogaine clinical trial in Australia has so far found no adverse cardiovascular effects with.... 19 deaths have been linked to ibogaine worldwide since 1990, according to Haden... ) Voacanga ( 1 ) Popular iboga Articles last edited on 11 2023... [ 39 ], ibogaine can be potentially fatal obtains it from an unreliable source when he into! Rate, resulting in cardiac arrest in some cases the high potential of cardiotoxicity, affects! Using palladium acetate in DMF, the chair of MAPS Canada, the entheogen is also dangerous..., documented in his book the Healing Journey ibogaine in rat drug discrimination assays when tested for the effects. [ 69 ] [ 70 ] Costa Rica also has treatment centers available not crime... Intent to supply or possess on custodial premises to consider before buying ibogaine, from local! Dmf, the chair of MAPS Canada, for example, ibogaine has historically been used as alternative. Medicine, he says from your local state laws to your past medical records iboga.! We do see merit in hallucinogenic drugs, says J.R. Rahn, CEO and of!, youll be amazed at how much you enjoy the idyllic, resort like feel of our.. A person obtains it from an unreliable source the Netherlands does not prohibit,.

Ul Ranch Elk Mountain, Wy, Molly Lynch Michigan, Pipe Invert Calculator, How Long Should I Leave Shimmer Lights In My Hair, Articles I