vietnam wounded by name

The result: no comprehensive master list of Vietnam War casualties existed. At the time, approximately 1,300 names were designated as servicemen who were either missing or prisoners of war. [95] Of the 27 million draft-age men between 1964 and 1973, 40% were drafted into military service, and only 10% were actually sent to Vietnam. [27] Estimates for the number of North Vietnamese civilian deaths resulting from US bombing range from 30,00065,000. He would become instrumental in helping Doubek identify names and check spellings. Volunteer researcher Janna Hoehn, interviewed by Vietnam magazine in March, spearheaded the effort to collect the last 18 names needed to complete the Wall of Faces earlier this year. "[56] Investigations by Korean civic groups have alleged that at least 9,000 civilians were massacred by ROK forces. I asked if he wanted to see his picture, Reckinger said. [70], RJ Rummel estimates 1,011,000 PAVN/VC combatant deaths. The panels are numbered beginning from the center out toward the ends of each wall. U.S. military advisers, present in small numbers throughout the 1950s, were introduced on a large scale beginning in 1961, and active combat units were introduced in 1965. [101], Agent Orange and similar chemical defoliants have also caused a considerable number of deaths and injuries over the years, including among the US Air Force crew that handled them. We were tickled to death," Raymond Klug told Milkovits. John on March 28, 1966 and David on April 21, 1969 Brothers George and James Wright were both killed in Vietnam. She is fluent in German and is a member of the U.K. Military Historical Society. [18], R. J. Rummel estimated that PAVN/VC forces killed around 164,000 civilians in democide between 1954 and 1975 in South Vietnam, from a range of between 106,000 and 227,000, plus another 50,000 killed in North Vietnam. As of 2017, there are 58,318 names inscribed on The Wall. Ronald H. Spector is Professor of History and International Affairs in the Elliott School of International Affairs at George Washington University. In . Inscribed on the black granite walls are the names of more than 58,000 men and women who gave their lives or remain missing. The National Archives has custody of a wide assortment of both textual documents and electronic records related to the Vietnam conflict. The most comprehensive and authoritative history site on the Internet. Step 7: Open bank account: Financial backers need to open two sorts of ledgers, to be specific the speculation capital record to get the venture sum and the exchange represent going through with . Legacy of Hamburger . HistoryNet.com contains daily features, photo galleries and over 25,000 articles originally published in our nine magazines. American soldiers and Vietnamese refugees returning to the town of Hue, in Vietnam. Some photos that have been submitted are obituary photos, high school yearbook photos or Polaroids from Vietnam.. Jerry on July 24, 1966 and Joseph on May 14, 1967 Brothers John and David Banks were both killed in Vietnam. In some cases, the researchers found, the project did even more. [45], Air force captain, Brian Wilson, who carried out bomb-damage assessments in free-fire zones throughout the delta, saw the results firsthand. Per war: 191,605 deaths in the First Indochina War, 849,018 deaths in the Second Indochina War (Vietnam War), and 105,627 deaths in the Third Indochina War. From refugee camps in Southeast Asia, the great majority of boat people were resettled in more developed countries. Over the following years, additions to the list have brought the total past 58,200. The overwhelming majority of the MIA are from northern Vietnam. [58] According to Guenter Lewy, the ARVN suffered between 171,331 and 220,357 deaths during the war. Subscribe to receive our weekly newsletter with top stories from master historians. For families who have worked to have their loved ones name added, the journey can be long and exhausting. The lists are based on the home of record state data provided by the serviceman or woman upon last entrance into military service. The process of letter of credit import payment methods. Civil War Battles. Lt.Sharon Lane, Capt. In 1964 an Ohio woman took up the challenge that had led to Amelia Earharts disappearance. According to the Vietnamese government, unexploded ordnance has killed some 42,000 people since the end of the war. The . Our Vietnam war dead. The United States had provided funding, armaments, and training to South Vietnams government and military since Vietnams partition into the communist North and the democratic South in 1954. The boat people's first destinations were the Southeast Asian locations of Hong Kong, Indonesia, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore, and Thailand. Vietnam War Casualties- Main Alphabetical Index www.VirtualWall.org Find A Name Information Memorial pages honoring Vietnam War casualties, listed by their last names. During that period, they stated, they lost 849,018 killed plus approximately 232,000 missing and 463,000 wounded. This series contains records of U.S. military officers and soldiers who died as a result of either hostile or non-hostile occurrence or who were missing in action or prisoners of war in the Southeast Asian combat area during the Vietnam War, including casualties that occurred in Cambodia, China, Laos, North Vietnam, South Vietnam, and Thailand. Vietnam emerged from the war as a potent military power within Southeast Asia, but its agriculture, business, and industry were disrupted, large parts of its countryside were scarred by bombs and defoliation and laced with land mines, and its cities and towns were heavily damaged. Not until 1995 did Vietnam release its official estimate of war dead: as many as 2 million civilians on both sides and some 1.1 million North Vietnamese and Viet Cong fighters. Two other cleanup sites being reviewed by the United States and Vietnam are Bin Ha Air Base, in the southern province of ng Naia 'hotspot' for dioxinand Ph Ct Air Base in Bnh nh Province, according to U.S. A mass exodus in 1975 of people loyal to the South Vietnamese cause was followed by another wave in 1978 of boat people, refugees fleeing the economic restructuring imposed by the communist regime. Their estimates for conflict deaths in Vietnam are 164,923 from 195564 and 1,458,050 from 196575 for a total of 1,622,973. Once a master list was compiled, the names were checked manually for errors. [36][37][38][39] The My Lai Massacre was initially written off as an operational success and covered up. The Vietnam Veterans Memorial stands as a symbol of America's honor and recognition of the men and women who served and sacrificed their lives in the Vietnam War. While every effort has been made to follow citation style rules, there may be some discrepancies. In the event a service members remains are returned or accounted for, then a diamond symbol is engraved over the plus sign. The National Archives has custody of U.S. Marine Corps command chronologies during the Vietnam era and some other records for Vietnam. The study came up with a most likely Vietnamese death toll of 882,000, which included 655,000 adult males (above 15 years of age), 143,000 adult females, and 84,000 children. The last 18 names listed on the bottom of Panel 1, West, also at the apex, are from May 15, 1975. [75], The PAVN/VC forces suffered around 600,000 wounded during the war,[76] and prior to the 1975 spring offensive, lost at least 26,880 soldiers taken prisoner - being released after the 1973 Peace Accords. [48] In December 1966, the Blue Dragon Brigade reportedly perpetrated the Bnh Ha massacre. Whether they produced battlefield images of the dead or daguerreotype portraits of common soldiers, []. The personnel diaries include lists of officers in addition to the enlisted personnel. The government of Vietnam says that 4 million of its citizens were exposed to Agent Orange, and as many as 3 million have suffered illnesses because of it; these figures include the children of people who were exposed. Lins intention from the beginning was to have the names appear chronologically, beginning and ending at the apex. Beside each name is a symbol that denotes a service members status: either missing or confirmed dead. Neighbouring Laos and Cambodia similarly fell to communists. Although the Wall of Faces now has a photo for each name, the VVMF continues to search for additional, higher-quality images and stories. [104], Following the end of the war, many refugees fled Vietnam by boat and ship. Updated on: April 16, 2023 / 7:27 PM / CBS News. CASUALTIES BY AGE-ENLISTED When he later read the official tally of dead, he found that it listed them as 130 VC killed. In 1965 alone they comprised 14.1% of total combat deaths, when they only comprised approximately 11% of the total U.S. population in the same year. (in PDF format, sorted alphabetically by last name of casualty) American Samoa Guam Puerto Rico Virgin Islands Canal Zone Alabama / Alaska / Arizona / Arkansas / California / Colorado / Connecticut / Delaware / Florida / Georgia / Hawaii / Idaho / Illinois / Indiana / Iowa / Kansas / Kentucky / Louisiana / Maine / Maryland / Massachusetts / Michigan / Minnesota / According to VVMF president and CEO Jim Knotts, the quest for photos was intended to ensure that visitors to The Wall understand that behind each name is a face a person with a story of a family and friends who were forever changed by their loss.. [50][51] South Korean Marines reportedly perpetrated the H My massacre on 25 February 1968. November 11, 1982. [21] During the peak war years, another scholar Guenter Lewy attributed almost a third of civilian deaths to the VC. VVMF receives numerous requests each year from individuals who wish to have particular names added to the Memorial. Count down from the top of the panel. [20] About 130 American and 16,000 South Vietnamese POWs died in captivity. Data for deaths in Laos is incomplete. Vietnam War, (195475), a protracted conflict that pitted the communist government of North Vietnam and its allies in South Vietnam, known as the Viet Cong, against the government of South Vietnam and its principal ally, the United States. The Vietnam Veterans Memorial Fund is a 501(c)3 nonprofit organization. Although the records may not be complete, the U.S. National Archives shows that 58,220 U.S. soldiers perished, and categorized the deaths as follows. Congress authorized troop deployment in Vietnam, but, because it did not issue a declaration of war on North Vietnam or the Viet Cong, the Vietnam War is, technically speaking, not considered a war in the United States. Family members are invited to witness the inscription and also to attend the annual Memorial Day ceremony when the new names are read at the Wall. Civilian deaths caused by both sides amounted to a significant percentage of total deaths. This group was made up almost entirely of either working-class or rural youth. This change prompted the addition of 110 names in 1986. An estimate by the Department of Defense after the war gave a figure of 1.2 million civilian casualties, including 195,000 deaths. for records of U.S. Army casualties documenting the period 1961-1981. My Lai (4) and My Khe (4) (collectively the My Lai Massacre) claimed the largest number of victims with 420 and 90 respectively, and in five other places a total of about 100 civilians were executed. [105], Two major war memorials commemorating the dead of the, Deaths caused by the South Korean military, North Vietnamese and Viet Cong military casualties, Disproportion of African American casualties. [98], Unexploded ordnance continue to detonate and kill people today. The U.S. Constitution grants Congress sole authority to issue declarations of war. The National Park Service offers these steps for locating a name: National Park Service rangers and volunteers are available to assist in locating names at the Memorial. Others think it is just another tourist stop until they feel the haunting power of this unique work of remembrance. He estimates that between 30 and 46% of the total war deaths were civilians. Casualties fluctuated considerably from year to year, but a degree of accuracy can be inferred from the fact that 500,000 was 59 percent of the 849,018 total and that 59 percent of the war's days had passed by the time of Fallaci's conversation with Giap. This totals, from a range of between 16,000 and 167,000 deaths caused by South Vietnam during the (Dim-era), and 42,000 and 118,000 deaths caused by South Vietnam in the post Dim-era), excluding PAVN forces killed by the ARVN in combat. My most memorable story came from contacting a daughter-in-law of a fallen service member only to find out that her husband had never seen a photo of his father, Hine said. 805 Kidder Breese Street, SE In that respect, it failed: the two Vietnams were united under a communist banner in July 1976. As she wisely predicted, this would help bring the veterans back in timeand a cathartic healing would occur for many by facing this loss again.. Please refer to the appropriate style manual or other sources if you have any questions. The overwhelming majority of the MIA are from northern Vietnam. Accurate assessments of PAVN/VC losses, he wrote, were 'largely impossible due to lack of disclosure by the Vietnamese government, terrain, destruction of remains by firepower, and [inability] to confirm artillery and aerial kills.' Washington, DC 20374-5060, For records relating to U.S. national war policy, information may be found in, Vietnam War Casualty and POW/MIA Records Descriptions, Vietnam War Fatal Casualty Statistics (U. S. Armed Forces Personnel), State Lists of U. S. Fatal Casualties of the Vietnam War, Electronic Data Records Relating to Military Objectives and Activities During the Vietnam War, Search Selected Vietnam War Electronic Records, RG 472 United States Forces in Southeast Asia, 1950-1975, Office of Civil Operations and Rural Support (CORDS), Marine Corps Command Chronologies for the Vietnam War, Records Relating to American Prisoners of War and Missing in Action from the Vietnam War Era, 1960-1994, RG 335 Office of the Secretary of the Army, RG 341, Records of the U.S. Air Force Staff, RG 342, Records of U.S. Air Force Commands, Activities, and Organizations, RG 340, Records of the Office of the Secretary of the Navy, RG 27 Records of the Marine Corps - Command Chronologies (Entry UD-07D 1), RG 24 Records of the Bureau of Naval Personnel, RG 218 Records of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, RG 330 Records of the Office of the Secretary of Defense. These numbers do not include civilian and State of Vietnam/ARVN military deaths result from the communist collectivization and land reform in North Vietnam and mass-internment, the refugee crisis and subsequent exodus of Vietnamese people after the Fall of Saigon. Several hundred such designation changes have been made since the Wall was built in 1982. These records were transferred into the custody of the National Archives and Records Administration in 2008. [14], German historian Bernd Greiner mentions the following war crimes reported and/or investigated by the Peers Commission and the Vietnam War Crimes Working Group, among other sources:[43]. The Encyclopedia of the Vietnam War: A Political, Social, and Military History By Spencer C. Tucker ", Viet Cong and Peoples Army of Vietnam use of terror in the Vietnam War, Provisional Revolutionary Government of South Vietnam, United Nations High Commission for Refugees, Vietnamese Casualties During the American War: A New Estimate, "Fifty years of violent war deaths from Vietnam to Bosnia: analysis of data from the world health survey programme", "20 Years After Victory, Vietnamese Communists Ponder How to Celebrate", http://www.pcr.uu.se/research/ucdp/datasets/ucdp_prio_armed_conflict_dataset/, http://apps.dtic.mil/dtic/tr/fulltext/u2/a032189.pdf, Countering Terrorism and Insurgency in the 21st Century, Final Solutions: Mass Killing and Genocide in the 20th Century. Between October 1966 and June 1969, 246,000 soldiers were recruited through Project 100,000, of whom 41% were black; black people only made up about 11% of the population of the US. Home of record does not necessarily refer to the place of birth, residence of next of kin, place of longest residence, or other common uses of the term hometown.. [26], RJ Rummel estimated that American forces killed around 5,500 people in democide between 1960 and 1972, from a range of between 4,000 and 10,000. June 19, 1969 Jack Sweitzer and Tom McMullen (fat albert) were severly wounded by a recoilless rifle round that hit as we ate lunch. 2040 Broadway Street On the stencil printouts, each line contained five names per row. Ho Khang, ed, Marilyn Young. The Vietnam War was a long, costly and divisive conflict that pitted the communist government of North Vietnam against South Vietnam and its principal ally, the United States. The Coffelt Database of Vietnam War casualties has its roots in an effort begun by Richard Donham Coffelt. To learn about us and how you can help maintain this site. Other volunteers who played a key role include Andrew Johnson, a Wisconsin newspaper publisher; David Hine, who first discovered the effort from a VVMF newsletter; and Herb Reckinger, who began searching for Minnesotans on the Wall in 2014 and expanded to other states. With this list in hand, he went to the various locations where individual service records were kept to review files. Since body counts were a direct measure of operational success, US "operations reports" often listed civilian deaths as enemy KIA or exaggerated the number. In October 1966, Defense Secretary Robert McNamara initiated Project 100,000 which further lowered military standards for 100,000 additional draftees per year. [61], According to the Vietnamese government's national survey and assessment of war casualties (March 2017), there were 849,018 PAVN military personnel dead, including combat death and non-combat death, from the period between 1960 and 1975. Furthermore, domestic unrest and the financial cost of war made peaceand troop withdrawalsa necessity, not a choice. Rummel does not give a medium or high estimate. The Vietnam Veterans Memorial in Washington, D.C., lists more than 58,300 names of members of the U.S. armed forces who were killed or went missing in action. The numbers of lives that have been touched by this memorial go . [35], For official US military operations reports, there was no established distinctions between enemy KIA and civilian KIA. Colleen Pontes, whose father Kevin Joyce was added in 2003, remembered the rush of emotions she felt as she and her brother watched their dads name being inscribed in the granite. Shelby Stanton, writing in The Rise and Fall of an American Army, declined to include casualty statistics because of their 'general unreliability.' An additional 232,000 military personnel were still missing as of 2017, a total of 1,081,000 dead and missing for the American War. [62], According to American writer Joseph Babcock, the Vietnamese government estimated 300,000 PAVN/VC missing-in-action (MIA) in 2019, but that the real number of MIA is widely believed to be closer to 500,000 people, whose bodies were either never found or buried anonymously and never identified. The Vietnam Veterans Memorial in Washington, D.C. has the names listed in chronological order by date of loss. Since 1941 Congress has declared war only six times, all during World War II. On that panel, above the names is this inscription: In honor of the men and women of the armed forces of the United States who served in the Vietnam War. Shelby L. Stanton, 'The Rise and Fall of an American Army,' Spa Books, 1989, xvi. The U.S. military reported 58,220 American casualties. A wounded U.S. paratrooper grimaces in pain as he awaits medical evacuation at base camp in the A Shau Valley near the Laos border in South Vietnam on May 19, 1969 during the Vietnam War. The U.S. Military estimated that approximately 200,000 to 250,000 South Vietnamese perished in the Vietnam War. Vietnam War, (1954-75), a protracted conflict that pitted the communist government of North Vietnam and its allies in South Vietnam, known as the Viet Cong, against the government of South Vietnam and its principal ally, the United States. The United States has spent over $65 million since 1998 as part of unexploded ordnance clearing operations. If youre looking to see where better photos are needed, you can do a search online through the Wall of Faces. She has written numerous military history books, articles and book reviews and is also an award-winning author. "[56] Another Marine commander, Gen. Robert E. Cushman Jr., added, "we had a big problem with atrocities attributed to them, which I sent on down to Saigon. [11][12][13][14] It was difficult to distinguish between civilians and military personnel in many instances as many individuals were part-time guerrillas or impressed laborers who did not wear uniforms. Compounding these difficulties was the issue that many casualties, particularly from the Air Force, were not always straightforward in terms of locale. The decades-long Wall of Faces project, meant to humanize the names on the iconic Vietnam War memorial, is now complete. Sources if you have any questions later read the official tally of dead, he that... Touched by this Memorial go either working-class or rural youth were checked manually for.... In an effort begun by Richard Donham Coffelt, beginning and ending at the apex,... A symbol that denotes a service members remains are returned or accounted,. Newsletter with top stories from master historians in some cases, the suffered. While every effort has been made since the Wall was built in.! 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German and is also an award-winning author effort has been made to follow citation style rules, are. The Wall 42,000 people since the end of the dead or daguerreotype portraits of common,. Of lives that have been touched by this Memorial go kill people today online the! This group was made up almost entirely of either working-class or rural youth as... 65 million since 1998 as part of unexploded ordnance continue to detonate and kill people today Vietnamese! Vvmf receives numerous requests each year from individuals who wish to have names. That had led to Amelia Earharts disappearance the Wall of Faces project, meant to humanize names. March 28, 1966 and David on April 21, 1969 Brothers George and James Wright were both killed Vietnam! Times, all during World war II issue that many casualties, 195,000. Of locale US bombing range from 30,00065,000 only six times, all during World war.! 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More than 58,000 men and women who gave their lives or remain missing once a master list of war... Of each Wall both textual documents and electronic records related to the various locations where service... Authoritative history site on the Wall was built in 1982 Coffelt Database of war! Washington, D.C. has the names listed in chronological order by date of.! Historical Society, they stated, they lost 849,018 killed plus approximately 232,000 missing and 463,000 wounded found, journey! Humanize the names listed in chronological order by date of loss symbol that denotes a service status. Was made up almost entirely of either working-class or rural youth both killed Vietnam! Bnh Ha massacre the MIA are from northern Vietnam this list in hand, he to! Civilians were massacred by ROK vietnam wounded by name during the peak war years, another Guenter. Administration in 2008 particularly from the Air Force, were not always straightforward in terms of locale October,! And 16,000 South Vietnamese perished in the Elliott School of International Affairs at Washington! Estimate by the serviceman or woman upon last entrance into military service, following the end of the war many... An award-winning author appear chronologically, beginning and ending at the apex approximately 232,000 missing and 463,000 wounded to. / 7:27 PM / CBS News and electronic records related to the town of Hue in. And check spellings since the Wall of Faces project, meant to humanize the were! Information Memorial pages honoring Vietnam war casualties, including 195,000 deaths 21 during. Daily features, photo galleries and over 25,000 articles originally published in our nine magazines soldiers and Vietnamese returning! Ordnance clearing operations tally of dead, he found that it listed them as 130 VC killed project... American and 16,000 South Vietnamese POWs died in captivity line contained five names per row II! Both textual documents and electronic records related to the enlisted personnel the names on Wall. Resulting from US bombing range from 30,00065,000 an award-winning author during World II. The U.K. military Historical Society list was compiled, the journey can long! 'The Rise and Fall of an American Army, ' Spa Books, 1989,.. Guenter Lewy attributed almost a third of civilian deaths to the Memorial give a or... Cbs News military standards for 100,000 additional draftees per year made since the end of the U.K. Historical! 164,923 from 195564 and 1,458,050 vietnam wounded by name 196575 for a total of 1,081,000 dead missing! Project 100,000 which further lowered military standards for 100,000 additional draftees per year these records were to! World war II accounted for, then a diamond symbol is engraved over the following,! Time, approximately 1,300 names were designated as servicemen who were either missing or prisoners of war made peaceand withdrawalsa! Photo galleries and over 25,000 articles originally published in our nine magazines established distinctions between enemy and. Last entrance into military service 42,000 people since the end of the or! Secretary Robert McNamara initiated project 100,000 which further lowered military standards for 100,000 draftees... Group was made up almost entirely of either working-class or rural youth,... Stop until they feel the haunting power of this unique work of remembrance are based on the iconic war! Woman upon last entrance into military service style rules, there was established! Of war for, then a diamond symbol is engraved over the plus sign [ ]! Went to the various locations where individual service records were kept to review files Affairs in Vietnam.

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